When polygamy was a part of Mormon culture, there were different types of marriages or sealings.. During Wyatt Earps later years, while he was living in Hollywood, were there any silent films or voice recordings made of him. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. For the desperately poor Mormon settlers in southern Utah, the Fancher party, with its hefty supply of cash, arms and hundreds of valuable horses and cattle, was simply irresistible. Brigham Young desperately wanted to claim the region as the promised land for the persecuted Mormon people. A Bronx teenager was dragged from a store by a group of men, repeatedly stabbed on the sidewalk and left to die in a brutal murder that has sparked widespread outrage in the city . On one occasion she told me that if I would not neglect to pray to my Heavenly Father, he would send a guardian angel to protect me in the dangers to which I might be exposed (see The Faithful Young Family"). When I learned that Orrin Porter Rockwell, the notorious Mormon lawman and Danite, had rushed Mrs. Pratt across the plains in record time, I knew what happened at Mountain Meadows. '', See the article in its original context from. (Brigham Young was mistaken when he later testified that the meeting took place "some two of three months after the massacre" Young 1875.) Latter-day Saints imagine Brigham Young as a commanding theocrat, who mobilized a crestfallen and beleaguered people after the ">death of their prophet-founder</a>, who led them on an epic exodus . He was always a kid at heart but also so smart and embraced the adulthood that he needed to. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. In this period, militia leaders at Cedar City and at Mountain Meadows changed their minds several times whether the killing should go forward. People make what they want of the facts in my book, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, but for most readers, the evidence about who ordered the massacre is overwhelming. Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. What was the favorite type of mule used in the Old West? His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. Friends Who Liked This Quote. That question stumped me for years, and like many other Mormon mysteries the clues have been carefully purged from the records of Utahs past. Share this quote: Like Quote. "What I'm hoping for is to close this chapter, is to . The evidence has been so corruptedsuppressed, destroyed, and fabricatedits hard to determine the date the murders took place, let alone trace all the ins and outs of the conspiracy behind the crime. The crisis of the Utah War demanded that he husband moral authority and public opinion. John and Nabbie Young had 11 children, six daughters and five sons, beginning with Nancy in 1786 and ending with Lorenzo Dow in 1807 beginning in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, and ending in Chenango County, New York not far from the village of Palmyra, New York. The carriage was white and brilliant with gold and the horses traveled like the wind. He felt, he said later, "as tho my head wo [ul]d crack.". [15] Bagley notes that Young often started his letters with broad generalizations with little meaning and then conceal the main message in one or two terse sentences in the middle of the text. At first, it blamed Indians; later, it claimed a rogue church official was responsibleand after two trials, Mormon militia leader John Lee was hanged in 1877 for the killings. Children who survived the massacre later described seeing their parents' clothes and jewelry on the bodies of local settlers. (22-36, 43-45) The rebels divide the kingdom, but we already see signs that the plan is falling apart. In 1868, Brigham Young signed a grading contract with the Union Pacific Railroad to work on the transcontinental line in Utah. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. . Savage. He went on to become a missionary in England. In the early days of the Mormon church, these relationships were commonly called proxy marriages. All of the original Young family joined the LDS Church and served faithfully throughout their lives. Susan Evans McCloud is author of more than 40 books: fiction, mystery, biography. He bravely faced his father today. In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. They were a rejoicing family, a dancing family and a singing family. [12], However, by the time that the express rider delivered Young's letter to Haight, the massacre at Mountain Meadows had already taken place. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Phineas Young was a printer; building contractor; and Mormon bishop, missionary, and pioneer. He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. The Mountain Meadows Massacre victimized several groups of emigrants from the northwestern Arkansas region who had started their treks to California in early 1857, joining along the way and becoming known as the BakerFancher party. This remarkable man served as bishop of the Salt Lake City 18th Ward for 27 years (see Whitney's "History of Utah: Biographical"). Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, "Determining and Defining `Wife': The . It is hard to determine how many wives Young actually lived with in the normal sense of husband and wife because of the practice of sealing. Sealings, meaning a ceremony performed by Mormon church authorities that link a man and a woman, could be of two types. Within five minutes, recalled massacre participant Dudley Leavitt, not one stone stood upon another., A few days later Young justified the massacre as a necessary act of righteous vengeance. There are no other trains going south that I know of[.] The Mountain Meadows Massacre was a horrible atrocity, and the conduct of some Mormons involved in it was deplorable: strong words from the Tabernacle pulpit, Saints seeking vengeance because of their past persecution, Youngs risky Native American alliance, senseless acts by some local Mormon leaders, Utahs troubling episodes of extralegal violence and most awful, the terrible killing at Mountain Meadows. There were five stalwart brothers in the John Young family. Brandon Christopher Risner, 21, was booked into the Floyd County Jail on Saturday and is charged with murder, felony obstruction of law enforcement officers, aggravated assault and concealing the death of another. Worcester also challenges Hotspur's temper, telling him You . Like. Finally, why has so much evidence been destroyed or purged from Mormon archives, and why has so much evidence been suppressed? the man was tired of Philip so at the wedding the man stabbed Philip. This had a great impact upon Brigham, who was four years his junior, and confided that I had more confidence in his judgment and discretion, and in the manifestations of God to him, than I had in myself ("Brigham Young: Journal of Discourses," 8:37). On September 11, 1857, 120 men, women and childrenpioneers from Arkansas headed for Californiawere massacred after being promised safe passage through a Southern Utah valley known as Mountain Meadows. In 1844, after the assassination of Mormon leader Joseph Smith by an angry mob in Illinois, the Mormons choose Brigham Young as their new leader and follow him to a new promised land in Utah. Brigham Young was in New England with Orson Pratt when he learned of Joseph's death. There is room for my brown paper-doll family: 2 gospel truths I learned as a young girl that carry my faith, 7 Latter-day Saint resources that answer questions about death and the spirit world, See the stunning winners of the Churchs International Art Competition. Glendower's troops are not ready. Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, 10 September 1857, Letterpress Copybook 3:82728, Brigham Young Office Files, LDS Church Archives. Some settlers, the story goes, believed the pioneers had been involved in the murder of Parley Pratt, a popular Mormon apostle, in western Arkansas earlier that year. Courtesy: Church History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Recommend to friends. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. Heres what they have planned, Why the Christian flag can fly on this government flagpole, Breaking the fast: Eid ul-Fitr is an occasion of peace, The unique stories and struggles of Latino Muslims, The Black church, religious freedom and gay rights. Brigham Young was a man well acquainted with life and death. Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. By early 1857 the Mormons were stockpiling weapons, and all but one of the federal judges and officers overseeing Indian affairs in the territory had fled, fearing for their safety. As any attorney knows, the problem with a guilty client is he acts guilty, and after the massacre Brigham Young never behaved like an innocent man. Two new books are reviving old accusations that Mormon leader Brigham Young masterminded massacre of 120 men, women and children who were slain at Mountain Meadows in southern Utah on Sept 11 . The great virtue of John G. Turner's new biography of Brigham Youngthe first major study since LDS historian Leonard Arrington's Brigham Young: American Moses (1985)is the author's . Lured west by the promise of a wide-open range and a gentle climate -- a boon for cattle ranching -- the party left Arkansas in the spring of 1857, just as the Utah Territory and the United States were on the brink of armed conflict. Reopening a Mormon Murder Mystery; New Accusations That Brigham Young Himself Ordered an 1857 Massacre of Pioneers, https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/12/books/reopening-mormon-murder-mystery-new-accusations-that-brigham-young-himself.html. Dr. STEWART made a post-mortem examination, and stated that JOHN KENNEDY came to his death by being stabbed in the abdomen with a sharp instrument, apparently a knife. This railroad operated between 1871 and 1881 and was founded by prominent Mormons such as Joseph A. From 1864 through 1871 Young served as the bishop of the Salt Lake City 2nd Ward. Many of the wives to whom Young were sealed were widows or elderly women for whom he merely cared or gave the protection of his name. [3], In 1840, Young moved to Scott County, Illinois when the Latter Day Saints were expelled from Missouri. Following his return to Nauvoo in 1841, Young affirmed his complete loyalty to Joseph Smith by embracing the controversial and still-secret practice of polygamy, despite his initial personal . It had only been two weeks since the brazen attack on March 18, 2018, when Ronnie's father, Ronnie Oneal III, killed his girlfriend, Kenyatta Barron Ronnie's mother and his 9-year-old . However, Young later testified that he cut Lee off when he started to describe the massacre because he could not bear to hear the details. But rumors of a church-sponsored cover-up persisted. Brent L. Top,professor of Church History and Doctrine at BYU, in an interview explained a little more about how these experiences influenced Brigham Young: In an article written by Top, he elaborates more on what Brigham Young taught about the life that awaits us after death: For more incredible insights into what prophets and apostles have taught about the spirit world, check out Life After Death: 6 Insights into the Spirit World. In a confession made just before he was executed, Lee, the only person ever tried for the crime, blamed the Paiute Indians. [1] [2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column . [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. All rights reserved, If you choose local pickup, please get your gift certificate at our office at 400 W. Sunnyside in Idaho Falls Dismiss, UPDATE: Roads closed after building collapse in Lava Hot Springs, School closures and delays for Wednesday, March 1, After his death was ruled a suicide, a Blackfoot mans family is left with more questions than answers, Push to require clergy to report abuse stalls in Latter-day Saint-dominated Utah, Locals worried Roberts boil order came too late. (Right) John D. Lee. Several of his wives lived in the Lion House or the Beehive House; others had separate residences. Young died in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory at the age of 80. Darriynn Brown has been charged with the murder of Cash Gernon. The Indians initiated the assault, he wrote, and Mormon settlers joined them only reluctantly, fearing reprisals if they did not. But, I can hear Mormon historians object, this is purely circumstantial evidence Young actually ordered the killings. Could be, but its no more circumstantial than the evidence O.J. After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. It was understood that any children by the second husband would be considered the progeny of the first. After guiding an exodus of . In 1853, he became the second counselor to David Fullmer in the presidency of the Salt Lake Stake of the church. Though Bridger helped the Mormons find their way to the Salt Lake Valley, Young suspected him of inciting Indian attacks on Mormon settlements and of spying on the Mormons for the U.S. government, which was somewhat threatened by the . Many Mormons -- particularly in southern Utah -- left the church over the incident. The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. 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